THEORY OF EQUATIONS:
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(1) If an equation (i:e f(x)=0 ) contains all positive co-efficients of any powers of x , it has no positive roots then.
eg: x^4+3x^2+2x+6=0 has no positive roots .
(2) For an equation , if all the even powers of x have some sign coefficients and all the odd powers of x have the opposite sign coefficients , then it has no negative roots .
(3)Summarising DESCARTES RULE OF SIGNS:
For an equation f(x)=0 , the maximum number of positive roots it can have is the number of sign changes in f(x) ; and the maximum number of negative roots it can have is the number of sign changes in f(-x) .
Hence the remaining are the minimum number of imaginary roots of the equation(Since we also know that the index of the maximum power of x is the number of roots of an equation.)
(4) Complex roots occur in pairs, hence if one of the roots of an equation is 2+3i , another has to be 2-3i and if there are three possible roots of the equation , we can conclude that the last root is real . This real roots could be found out by finding the sum of the roots of the equation and subtracting (2+3i)+(2-3i)=4 from that sum. (More about finding sum and products of roots next time )
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